Syria’s Reconstruction: A Path to Recovery
Syria’s reconstruction, estimated to cost up to $400 billion, can only progress if international trust is restored and essential institutions are established. The country’s economy has been severely damaged by 13 years of civil war, compounded by the attacks of the 61-year Baath regime. Infrastructure, human resources, and key services were devastated, leaving behind abandoned cities and regions. An urgent rebuilding effort is now crucial for Syria’s future.
The war has destroyed homes, schools, hospitals, and essential services such as electricity and sewage systems. With 6 million Syrians displaced abroad and 7 million internally, large-scale housing projects are essential for refugees returning home. These projects are expected to account for 60% of the total reconstruction cost, alongside investments in roads, power plants, and communication systems.
However, the ongoing sanctions from the US and the EU pose significant barriers to Syria’s development. Experts believe that sanctions should be lifted once conditions are met to allow economic recovery.
Ensuring Stability and Gaining International Trust
Neil Quilliam from Chatham House emphasizes the importance of stability and security as the first steps for Syria’s interim government. Gaining the confidence of both domestic and international businesses is crucial, requiring a predictable policy environment. The international community must also deploy technical teams to assist local governments in managing reconstruction efficiently, avoiding mistakes that could lead to corruption or setbacks.
Europe’s Crucial Role
Julien Barnes-Dacey of the European Council on Foreign Relations urges the EU to form a strong political and economic partnership with Syria. This includes negotiating with the US to lift sanctions when a truly inclusive government is in place. The EU’s support will be vital for Syria’s safety and long-term reconstruction.
Economic Loss and Recovery
Syria’s GDP has dropped significantly, with a $54 billion loss over 14 years, pushing the poverty rate to 65%. The UN’s development programs are focusing on rebuilding Syria’s institutions, which are key to the country’s recovery.
